中共十一届五中全会通过《关于党内政治生活的若干准则》，提出坚持集体领导、反对个人专断，禁止一言堂和个人凌驾于党组织之上。
In March 1979, Deng Xiaoping proposed the Four Cardinal Principles, explicitly rejecting the direction of political democratization reform.
美国与台湾结束外交关系，并与中华人民共和国建立外交关系。
In late 1978, Deng Xiaoping came to power, establishing a departure from Mao Zedong's line and initiating reform and opening-up.
By emphasizing that "practice is the sole criterion for testing truth," Deng Xiaoping defeated Hua Guofeng and established a governing philosophy centered on economic development.
To prevent national development from being overemphasized to the point of subverting the rule of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP), Deng Xiaoping introduced the Four Cardinal Principles, emphasizing the leadership position of the CCP.
围绕实践是否为检验真理的标准，中国展开真理标准问题大讨论，成为中共政治方向转变的重要争论之一。
滞留中国约30年的美籍华文作家韩秀在1978年进入美国驻华使馆，成为1949年后首位获美国国务院营救并返回美国的美国公民。
韩秀返回美国后，卡特总统警告中国政府，若不交还在中国的美国公民，美国将不与中国谈外交关系。
华国锋时期提出“两个凡是”，即凡是毛泽东作出的决策都拥护、凡是毛泽东的指示都遵循，后来受到邓小平等人的批评。
毛泽东逝世后，汪东兴掌控的中央警卫局在怀仁堂一夜之间将四人帮抓捕，检验了核心权力中警卫与人事绝对控制的乘法逻辑。
On September 9, 1976, Mao Zedong passed away. Newspapers across the country reported his death with black borders and large-scale memorial activities were held. The grassroots society was plunged into an extreme political atmosphere, with the public required to participate in collective mourning. Those with problematic family backgrounds faced severe political suppression during this period.
The author turned 10 years old on September 9, 1976, the same day Mao Zedong passed away. He recalls that after Mao's death, he could no longer celebrate his birthday. He describes the societal reaction to Mao's passing, including official media's mourning and some citizens' expressions of grief.
Mao Zedong passed away on September 9, 1976.
In the early morning of July 28, 1976, a 7.8-magnitude earthquake struck Tangshan, Hebei Province, causing massive casualties and property damage.
毛泽东于1976年去世，此后中国结束毛泽东个人统治时期。
毛泽东逝世后，华国锋在中共党内成为主要领导人，相关宣传中出现“你办事，我放心”等内容。
1976年，经过长期政治运动和文化大革命，中国经济陷入严重困境，国家建制受到冲击。
苏联官僚因政治死线压倒一切，迫使工程团队跳过地面试车实验，将未验证的N1火箭推上发射台，结果升空90秒后四发四败，登月梦彻底破灭。
In 1972, while mired in the Vietnam War, Nixon visited China in search of an achievement; his original intention in engaging with the CCP was to change China. However, in his interactions with the CCP, the Nixon administration gradually deviated from the goal of changing China, shifting instead to emphasizing "seeking common ground while reserving differences." To exchange for the CCP's assistance on the Vietnam issue, he promised concessions on the Taiwan issue, such as troop withdrawals and the establishment of diplomatic relations. This shift in strategy is considered a case of the CCP playing the US, rather than the US changing the CCP.
Deng Xiaoping again wrote to Mao Zedong, engaging in sycophantic praise and reiterating his guarantee never to reverse verdicts.
机构资金集中买入50只蓝筹成长股，漂亮50平均市盈率被推升至42倍，约为当时标普500市盈率的两倍以上。
Against the backdrop of the Cold War, the UN General Assembly passed Resolution 2758, deciding that the People's Republic of China would replace the Republic of China in the UN seat representing China. This resolution contains serious legal flaws in both procedure and substance, and it does not mention the sovereign status of Taiwan. It has since become the primary basis for the CCP to suppress Taiwan's international participation.
Xi Jinping visits the United States
After enduring prolonged and brutal persecution and detention in Kaifeng, Henan, Liu Shaoqi passed away from illness in the early morning of November 12, 1969, and was cremated immediately.
Deng Xiaoping wrote an extremely humble self-statement, admitting he was a capitalist roader and pledging never to reverse verdicts.
In 1968, Jiang Qing announced Liu Shaoqi as a major special agent and traitor when receiving the Peking Opera Troupe. During the Cultural Revolution, numerous political figures and intellectuals suffered brutal persecution.
A mass rally to criticize Liu Shaoqi and Deng Xiaoping was held in Tiananmen Square. Liu Shaoqi held up the Constitution to protest and was beaten by Red Guards, while Wang Guangmei was also publicly humiliated and subsequently arrested.
In September 1966, with the outbreak of the Cultural Revolution, the state completely stopped issuing fixed dividends to former private industrialists and businessmen, prematurely terminating the buyout period and completely zeroing out the status and assets of former capitalists.
Mao Zedong posted the big-character poster 'Bombard the Headquarters' at the plenary session, pointing the spearhead directly at Liu Shaoqi. Liu Shaoqi's ranking within the party plummeted, marking his loss of power.
老舍在文革期间遭受文联批斗与殴打，其妻胡洁青未能拉住他，最终老舍在太平湖畔结束生命。
1966年5月，中国文化大革命开始，政治运动随后持续多年。
文化大革命开始后，中国各地大专院校、中学和小学的知识分子受到冲击，部分人员遭受迫害并有人自杀。
Deng Xiaoping was labeled the second-numbered capitalist road faction within the Party, was sent to labor reform in Jiangxi, and his son Deng Pufang was tortured by Red Guards, resulting in disability.
1966年，毛泽东在致江芳的信中提出通过“天下大乱”达到“天下大治”，并表示这种大乱过七八年还要主动再来一次。
Four African American students staged a nonviolent protest after being denied service at a Woolworth's store in Greensboro, an event considered to have helped push for the passage of the Civil Rights Act of 1964.
Because the Three Years of Great Famine exposed numerous problems, the Seven Thousand Cadres Conference was convened. Officials expressed dissatisfaction with the Great Leap Forward at the conference, forcing Mao Zedong to make self-criticism and step back to the second line of leadership, while Liu Shaoqi took over frontline economic management authority.
中国与印度在边境发生大规模武装冲突，西部地区部队参与作战。
1961 was the most brutal year of China's Three Years of Natural Disasters, during which over 10 million Chinese people starved to death, and cannibalism even occurred in rural areas. Despite this, 9.49 million newborns were born that year.
At the Lushan Conference, Liu Shaoqi brought up old accounts against Peng Dehuai, supported the resolution to overthrow the Peng Dehuai anti-party clique, and subsequently signed the dismissal order in his capacity as Chairman of the State.
Liu Shaoqi was officially elected President of the People's Republic of China in April 1959, reaching the peak of his political career.
1959年庐山会议期间，彭德怀致信毛泽东反映大跃进和饿死人问题，会议随后由纠正左倾转为反右倾。
During the Great Famine disaster, Deng Xiaoping was accused of intentionally breaking his leg while playing billiards to evade political responsibility.
Beginning in 1957, the Anti-Rightist Campaign was launched, resulting in the purge of numerous members of democratic parties and intra-party dissidents.
As General Secretary of the Secretariat of the CCP Central Committee, Deng Xiaoping was the frontline commander of the Anti-Rightist Campaign. He drafted documents and issued rigid quotas for the arrest of "rightists," leading to 550,000 intellectuals being labeled as such.
1957年，先行放开部分言论后，中共重新对发言者分类，约55万人被戴上右派帽子。
中共在反右运动中，因知识分子提出意见而将部分人员划为右派，相关人员及其家庭随后遭受长期政治和社会影响。
In January 1956, Beijing and large and medium-sized cities across the country rapidly completed the state-private joint ownership of entire industries. Through a fixed-interest system, the state peacefully bought out private industry and commerce, marking the basic completion of the socialist transformation of the ownership of the means of production.
In a speech to Parliament, former British Prime Minister Winston Churchill pointed out that the Cairo Declaration was merely a statement of intent, and that the sovereignty of Taiwan had already been determined by the Treaty of San Francisco. He argued that the Taiwan issue had become an international matter involving the interests of multiple countries, rather than an internal affair of China.
With the adoption of the May Fourth Constitution in 1954, the National People's Congress replaced the CPPCC as the supreme organ of state power in China.