Liu Shaoqi Passes Away in Kaifeng, Henan
After enduring prolonged and brutal persecution and detention in Kaifeng, Henan, Liu Shaoqi passed away from illness in the early morning of November 12, 1969, and was cremated immediately.
After enduring prolonged and brutal persecution and detention in Kaifeng, Henan, Liu Shaoqi passed away from illness in the early morning of November 12, 1969, and was cremated immediately.
In June 1969, the Nixon administration, in order to improve relations with Beijing and create conditions for the U.S. withdrawal from the Vietnam War, ordered the disbandment of the Seventh Fleet's permanent patrol unit in the Taiwan Strait.
In 1969, China and the Soviet Union broke out in a deadly armed conflict at Zhenbao Island and other places.
During the Cultural Revolution, Mao Zedong denounced Liu Shaoqi as a traitor, spy, and labor scab, calling him a Khrushchev lurking at his side. Liu Shaoqi was ultimately tortured to death during the Cultural Revolution.
Deng Xiaoping wrote an extremely humble self-statement, admitting he was a capitalist roader and pledging never to reverse verdicts.
In 1968, Jiang Qing announced Liu Shaoqi as a major special agent and traitor when receiving the Peking Opera Troupe. During the Cultural Revolution, numerous political figures and intellectuals suffered brutal persecution.
A mass rally to criticize Liu Shaoqi and Deng Xiaoping was held in Tiananmen Square. Liu Shaoqi held up the Constitution to protest and was beaten by Red Guards, while Wang Guangmei was also publicly humiliated and subsequently arrested.
In November 1966, Sun Fo and 1,500 others jointly proposed launching the Chinese Cultural Renaissance Movement to counter the Cultural Revolution on the mainland; in July 1967, the Promotion Committee was established.
In September 1966, with the outbreak of the Cultural Revolution, the state completely stopped issuing fixed dividends to former private industrialists and businessmen, prematurely terminating the buyout period and completely zeroing out the status and assets of former capitalists.
During the Cultural Revolution, Lao She suffered denunciation and beatings at the hands of the Writers and Artists Federation; his wife Hu Jieqing was unable to hold him back, and Lao She ultimately ended his life by the Taiping Lake.
Mao Zedong posted the big-character poster 'Bombard the Headquarters' at the plenary session, pointing the spearhead directly at Liu Shaoqi. Liu Shaoqi's ranking within the party plummeted, marking his loss of power.
On July 8, 1966, Mao Zedong wrote to Jiang Qing from Wuhan, saying that "great chaos under heaven leads to great order under heaven," and said that such great chaos would come again after seven or eight years.
In May 1966, China's Cultural Revolution began, and the political campaign continued for many years thereafter.
The Cultural Revolution took place between May 16, 1966 and October 1976, during which multiple rounds of mass political campaigns were carried out. The masses were required to praise Mao Zedong and perform the loyalty dance; those who refused might be subjected to struggle sessions or re-education through labor.
On May 16, 1966, the "May 16 Notification" was issued and the Cultural Revolution began. Intellectuals at schools of all levels were struck, and Lao She, Fu Lei and others were persecuted to death.
Deng Xiaoping was labeled the second-numbered capitalist road faction within the Party, was sent to labor reform in Jiangxi, and his son Deng Pufang was tortured by Red Guards, resulting in disability.
The video narrator says a teacher in Tianfuli, Xujiahui, Shanghai, was repeatedly denounced by students, and was taken to denunciation sessions even while bedridden with a high fever; the family says the teacher was ultimately scalded to death with boiling water by students; no public record of this case can be found.
After Khrushchev was overthrown in 1964, Zhou Enlai and He Long went to Moscow to explore reconciliation. Soviet Defense Minister Malinovsky told He Long that the Soviets had gotten rid of Khrushchev, and the Chinese should also get rid of Mao Zedong. Mao Zedong was deeply shocked upon hearing this, and this incident had a profound impact on the history of the Chinese Communist Party.
From October 20 to November 21, 1962, China and India went to war simultaneously on the western and eastern sections of their border, with the eastern sector, southern Tibet, as the main battlefield.
Because the Three Years of Great Famine exposed numerous problems, the Seven Thousand Cadres Conference was convened. Officials expressed dissatisfaction with the Great Leap Forward at the conference, forcing Mao Zedong to make self-criticism and step back to the second line of leadership, while Liu Shaoqi took over frontline economic management authority.
In 1962, a border war broke out between China and India. Miles Yu said that such wars stem from ideological disputes and have no necessary connection with territorial integrity; the territories occupied by the Chinese Communist Party were ultimately all given up.
Four African American students staged a nonviolent protest after being denied service at a Woolworth's store in Greensboro, an event considered to have helped push for the passage of the Civil Rights Act of 1964.