In 1979, the U.S. Congress passed the Taiwan Relations Act, requiring presidential and congressional consultation for diplomatic recognition of Taiwan

1979.04 ·Verified ·Importance IV ·Sources 2 ·Washington, United States

After the Carter administration severed diplomatic relations with the Republic of China and terminated the Mutual Defense Treaty in 1979, the U.S. Congress drew up the Taiwan Relations Act within two to three months, stipulating as domestic law that diplomatic recognition of Taiwan must be jointly negotiated by the President and Congress, and the Carter administration was forced to sign it. Senator Barry Goldwater raised a challenge over the constitutionality of the procedure for terminating the Mutual Defense Treaty, but the court declined to hear it.

Deng Xiaoping Proposes the Four Cardinal Principles

1979.03.30 ·Verified ·Importance IV ·Sources 4 ·China

In March 1979, Deng Xiaoping proposed the Four Cardinal Principles, explicitly rejecting the direction of political democratization reform.

Deng Xiaoping Introduces the Four Cardinal Principles

1979.03.30 ·Verified ·Importance IV ·Sources 2 ·China

To prevent national development from being overemphasized to the point of subverting the rule of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP), Deng Xiaoping introduced the Four Cardinal Principles, emphasizing the leadership position of the CCP.

Deng Xiaoping Visits the United States and Launches Reform and Opening Up

1979.01.28 ·Verified ·Importance IV ·Sources 2 ·United States

In 1979, Deng Xiaoping visited the United States at the invitation of US President Carter. The Chinese Communist Party subsequently carried out authoritarian reform for self-preservation, namely reform and opening up, in an attempt to defuse the crisis of an empty state and exhausted people.

The United States Severed Diplomatic Relations with Taiwan and Established Diplomatic Relations with the People's Republic of China

1979.01.01 ·Verified ·Importance IV ·Sources 5 ·United States

The United States ended its diplomatic relations with Taiwan and established diplomatic relations with the People's Republic of China.

War Breaks Out Between China and Vietnam

1979 ·Verified ·Importance IV ·Sources 4 ·China

In 1979, war broke out between China and Vietnam. Yu Maochun said that this war stemmed from an ideological dispute and was not inevitably connected with territorial integrity; the territories occupied by the Chinese Communist Party were ultimately vacated willingly.

Deng Xiaoping Comes to Power and Leads Reform and Opening-Up

1978.12.18 ·Verified ·Importance V ·Sources 2 ·China

In late 1978, Deng Xiaoping came to power, establishing a departure from Mao Zedong's line and initiating reform and opening-up.

Deng Xiaoping Used "Practice Is the Sole Criterion for Testing Truth" to Seize Power

1978.05.11 ·Verified ·Importance IV ·Sources 2 ·China

By emphasizing that "practice is the sole criterion for testing truth," Deng Xiaoping defeated Hua Guofeng and established a governing philosophy centered on economic development.

The Chinese Communist Party Launches the Great Debate on the Criterion of Truth

1978.05 ·Verified ·Importance IV ·Sources 2 ·China

On May 11, 1978, Guangming Daily published “Practice Is the Sole Criterion for Testing Truth,” sparking the great debate on the criterion of truth centered on “practice is the sole criterion for testing truth” and the “Two Whatevers,” which became an important controversy in the Chinese Communist Party’s shift in line.

Han Xiu Rescued by the U.S. State Department and Returns to the United States

1978.01 ·Reported ·Importance IV ·Sources 3 ·China

Han Xiu, a Chinese-language writer holding U.S. citizenship who had remained in China for about 30 years, returned to the United States in January 1978; she claimed to be the first among U.S. citizens who had remained in mainland China after 1949 to return to the United States, and she received assistance from the State Department.

Carter Warns China to Return American Citizens, Otherwise Diplomatic Relations Will Not Be Discussed

1978.01 ·Reported ·Importance IV ·Sources 3 ·United States

Han Xiu said that after she returned to the United States, President Carter instructed the State Department to send a strong notice to the Chinese government, pointing out that it had denied more than a hundred times during the Warsaw talks that American citizens were stranded in China, and insisting that American citizens be returned before talks on establishing diplomatic relations.

In 1978, Song Jian, Tian Xueyuan and others calculated that China's population would reach 4.264 billion by 2080 and proposed a population cap of 650 to 700 million

1978 ·Reported ·Importance IV ·Sources 3 ·China

In 1978, after missile expert Song Jian went abroad for exchanges, he and Tian Xueyuan and others used mathematical models to calculate, claiming that if China did not control its population, it would reach 4.264 billion by 2080; Tian Xueyuan also proposed that China's population ceiling should be 650 million to 700 million, providing a basis for family planning.

Hu Yaobang Appointed Minister of the Organization Department and Promoted the Correction of Unjust, False, and Wrong Cases

1977.12 ·Verified ·Importance IV ·Sources 2 ·China

After Hu Yaobang became Minister of the Organization Department, he proposed seeking truth from facts to correct untrue statements and incorrect conclusions.

Hua Guofeng Proposed and Upheld the "Two Whatevers"

1977.02.07 ·Verified ·Importance IV ·Sources 2 ·China

On February 7, 1977, People's Daily published an editorial titled "Study the Documents Well and Grasp the Key Link," which stated, "We resolutely uphold all policy decisions made by Chairman Mao; we unswervingly follow all instructions given by Chairman Mao." This later became known as the "Two Whatevers," and Hua Guofeng was accused of adhering to this principle.

China Restores the Gaokao in 1977

1977 ·Verified ·Importance IV ·Sources 2 ·China

After Mao Zedong's death, in 1977, with the support of Deng Xiaoping and Hu Yaobang, China restored the gaokao (college entrance exam), allowing many children of families persecuted during the Cultural Revolution to change their fate through the exam. Subsequently, in the 1980s, overseas scholarships and government-sponsored study abroad programs emerged, and large numbers of Chinese students went to the United States for further studies.

The Gang of Four Detained by the Central Guard Bureau at the Huirentang

1976.10.06 ·Verified ·Importance V ·Sources 2 ·Beijing

After Mao Zedong's death, the Central Guard Bureau under Wang Dongxing's control arrested the Gang of Four overnight at the Huirentang, testing the multiplication logic of absolute control over guards and personnel at the core of power.

Hua Guofeng Becomes the Chinese Communist Party's Top Leader After Mao Zedong's Death

1976.10.06 ·Verified ·Importance IV ·Sources 2 ·China

After Mao Zedong died in September 1976, Hua Guofeng, together with Ye Jianying and others, smashed the Gang of Four on October 6, and was elected Chairman of the CCP Central Committee and Chairman of the Central Military Commission that same night; earlier, on April 30, Mao Zedong had written for him: "You handle it, I'm at ease."

Central Guard Regiment Arrests the Gang of Four in October 1976

1976.10 ·Reported ·Importance IV ·Sources 2 ·Beijing

In October 1976, the operation to arrest the Gang of Four inside Zhongnanhai was carried out by the Central Guard Regiment (Unit 8341), with Zhang Yaoci leading dozens of guard soldiers to carry it out; at the time Wang Dongxing concurrently served as director of the CCP Central Committee General Office and head of the Guard Bureau.

Mao Zedong's Death: Memorial Activities Held Across China

1976.09.09 ·Verified ·Importance V ·Sources 3 ·Shanghai

On September 9, 1976, Mao Zedong passed away. Newspapers across the country reported his death with black borders and large-scale memorial activities were held. The grassroots society was plunged into an extreme political atmosphere, with the public required to participate in collective mourning. Those with problematic family backgrounds faced severe political suppression during this period.

Mao Zedong Dies, Author Turns 10

1976.09.09 ·Verified ·Importance V ·Sources 2 ·China

The author turned 10 years old on September 9, 1976, the same day Mao Zedong passed away. He recalls that after Mao's death, he could no longer celebrate his birthday. He describes the societal reaction to Mao's passing, including official media's mourning and some citizens' expressions of grief.

Mao Zedong passed away in Beijing

1976.09.09 ·Verified ·Importance V ·Sources 3 ·Beijing

Mao Zedong passed away on September 9, 1976.

Mao Zedong's Death Ends His Period of Personal Rule

1976.09.09 ·Verified ·Importance V ·Sources 3 ·China

Mao Zedong died in Beijing on September 9, 1976, after which China ended the period of Mao Zedong's personal rule.

A 7.8-magnitude earthquake struck Tangshan, Hebei Province

1976.07.28 ·Verified ·Importance V ·Sources 2 ·Tangshan, Hebei

In the early morning of July 28, 1976, a 7.8-magnitude earthquake struck Tangshan, Hebei Province, causing massive casualties and property damage.

China's Economy Fell into Serious Difficulties After the Cultural Revolution

1976 ·Reported ·Importance IV ·Sources 2 ·China

In October 1976, the ten-year-long Cultural Revolution ended with the "downfall of the Gang of Four"; the prolonged political campaigns had a severe impact on China's economy.

The Nifty Fifty Suffers a Davis Double Kill at High Valuations

1973 ·Verified ·Importance IV ·Sources 3 ·United States

After rising to high valuations, the Nifty Fifty fell sharply along with the bear market that began in January 1973; valuations were compressed to low levels, with earnings and valuation declining at the same time.

Soviet N1 Lunar Rocket Explodes in Chain Reaction 90 Seconds After Liftoff

1972.11.23 ·Verified ·Importance IV ·Sources 2 ·Soviet Union

On November 23, 1972, the Soviet Union's giant N1 rocket made its fourth launch and failed, exploding about 107 seconds after liftoff; all four launches ended in failure, and the Soviet lunar program came to an end as a result.

Deng Xiaoping writes to Mao Zedong again after the Lin Biao incident

1972.08.03 ·Verified ·Importance IV ·Sources 3 ·China

Deng Xiaoping again wrote to Mao Zedong, engaging in sycophantic praise and reiterating his guarantee never to reverse verdicts.

Nixon's Visit to China Breaks the Ice in US-China Relations

1972.02.21 ·Verified ·Importance V ·Sources 2 ·Beijing

US President Nixon visited China, met with Chinese leaders including Zhou Enlai, and issued the Sino-US Joint Communiqué, marking the breaking of ice in relations between the two countries.

Nixon's Visit to China: The Start of US-China Engagement Policy, but the Original Goal of Changing China Was Forgotten

1972.02.21 ·Verified ·Importance IV ·Sources 2 ·China

In 1972, while mired in the Vietnam War, Nixon visited China in search of an achievement; his original intention in engaging with the CCP was to change China. However, in his interactions with the CCP, the Nixon administration gradually deviated from the goal of changing China, shifting instead to emphasizing "seeking common ground while reserving differences." To exchange for the CCP's assistance on the Vietnam issue, he promised concessions on the Taiwan issue, such as troop withdrawals and the establishment of diplomatic relations. This shift in strategy is considered a case of the CCP playing the US, rather than the US changing the CCP.

Nifty Fifty Herding Pushes Average P/E to 42 Times

1972 ·Verified ·Importance IV ·Sources 3 ·United States

Institutional funds concentrated their buying in about 50 blue-chip growth stocks. In 1972, the average P/E ratio of this batch of "Nifty Fifty" stocks on the Morgan Trust list was 41.9 times, while the S&P 500 stood at 18.9 times, roughly 2.2 times the latter.

The UN General Assembly Passes Resolution 2758

1971.10.25 ·Verified ·Importance V ·Sources 2 ·New York, United States

Against the backdrop of the Cold War, the UN General Assembly passed Resolution 2758, deciding that the People's Republic of China would replace the Republic of China in the UN seat representing China. This resolution contains serious legal flaws in both procedure and substance, and it does not mention the sovereign status of Taiwan. It has since become the primary basis for the CCP to suppress Taiwan's international participation.

In 1971, the United Nations adopted Resolution 2758, restoring the representation of the People's Republic of China and expelling the Chiang Kai-shek clique

1971 ·Verified ·Importance IV ·Sources 2 ·New York, United States

In 1971, the UN General Assembly adopted Resolution 2758, recognizing the seat of the People's Republic of China in the United Nations as well as its seat as a permanent member of the Security Council, and removing the representation of the Chiang Kai-shek clique. The United States had originally held that expelling a member state required a two-thirds majority, but failed to prevent the resolution because Britain argued that only a simple majority was needed.

In 1971, Lin Biao died in a plane crash en route to Moscow after being accused of staging a coup

1971 ·Reported ·Importance IV ·Sources 1 ·China

Lin Biao, the successor handpicked by Mao Zedong, was accused of staging a coup and died in 1971 in a plane crash shrouded in mystery while flying to Moscow.