Reform and Opening Up · Full chronicle and history

A video appeared on the overseas social media platform X showing a post by "Donghu Youli," an account under Hubei Daily, criticizing the idea of "closing the door to do construction" and praising Deng Xiaoping's reform and opening up.

Chinese President Xi Jinping delivered a speech at the Great Hall of the People to commemorate the 100th birthday of Jiang Zemin, mentioning reform 16 times.

An account under Hubei Daily called "Donghu Youli" published an article stressing the importance of opening up to the global market and praising Deng Xiaoping's reform and opening-up policy, which was interpreted as a veiled criticism of Xi Jinping's contractionary policy.

Former Chinese Premier Zhu Rongji has died in Beijing at the age of 98. Official assessments praise him as an outstanding leader and a driving force behind reform and opening up, while evaluations overseas are mixed.

While delivering a speech at a seminar for newly promoted members of the CCP Central Committee, Xi Jinping stated that the historical period after reform and opening-up cannot be used to negate the historical period before it, and vice versa.

At the end of 2008, the national team adjusted its management measures, and players such as Li Na, Zheng Jie, Peng Shuai and Yan Zi began to arrange their own training and professional competitions, putting the "flying solo" system into practice.

Under the insistence and promotion of Jiang Zemin and others, China finally successfully joined the World Trade Organization.

On September 21, 1998, television networks broadcast footage of President Bill Clinton testifying before a federal grand jury, addressing his relationship with former White House intern Monica Lewinsky and defending his denial of the affair.

On January 1, 1994, the official and market exchange rates of the Renminbi were merged, forming a unified exchange rate.

In 1994, China carried out price reform, abolishing the dual-track pricing system of capitalism and socialism, and the problem of official profiteering (guandao) was initially resolved.

In 1993, China's Company Law was officially passed, laying the legal foundation for the building of a modern financial framework.

On the platform of Wuchang Railway Station, Deng Xiaoping hurled a stern warning at Hubei Provincial Party Secretary Guan Guangfu and others: "Development is the absolute principle, and whoever does not reform will step down."

Deng Xiaoping delivered his southern tour speeches, emphasizing that development is of overriding importance, while reiterating the need to consistently uphold the Four Cardinal Principles and oppose bourgeois liberalization.

In 1991, Jiefang Daily, the official newspaper of the Shanghai Municipal Party Committee, ran four consecutive articles under the pen name Huangfuping that vigorously championed reform and opening up and challenged conservatives within the Party; editor-in-chief Zhou Ruijin later confirmed that they were written by Zhu Rongji himself.

The 13th National Congress of the CCP was held, establishing the Party's basic line for the primary stage of socialism.

After Hu Yaobang stepped down in 1987, Deng Xiaoping stated in a conversation with a Yugoslav diplomat that he opposed a multi-party system, elections, the separation of powers, and the idea of turning the National People's Congress and the CPPCC into a bicameral system.

China Kanghua Industrial Co., Ltd. (Little Kanghua) was established, nominally to raise funds for the China Welfare Fund for the Disabled. Deng Pufang served as chairman of the board, enjoying privileges such as foreign exchange quotas and exclusive import rights.

The Sixth Plenary Session of the 11th Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party adopted the Resolution on Certain Questions in the History of Our Party Since the Founding of the People's Republic of China, repudiating the Cultural Revolution and distinguishing Mao Zedong's later errors from Mao Zedong Thought.

In late 1978, Deng Xiaoping came to power, establishing a departure from Mao Zedong's line and initiating reform and opening-up.

By emphasizing that "practice is the sole criterion for testing truth," Deng Xiaoping defeated Hua Guofeng and established a governing philosophy centered on economic development.

After Mao Zedong's death, in 1977, with the support of Deng Xiaoping and Hu Yaobang, China restored the gaokao (college entrance exam), allowing many children of families persecuted during the Cultural Revolution to change their fate through the exam. Subsequently, in the 1980s, overseas scholarships and government-sponsored study abroad programs emerged, and large numbers of Chinese students went to the United States for further studies.

Lin Biao, the successor handpicked by Mao Zedong, was accused of staging a coup and died in 1971 in a plane crash shrouded in mystery while flying to Moscow.

The Comintern dispatched Kinski to China, assisting Chen Duxiu and Li Dazhao in founding the Chinese Communist Party.

Yuan Shikai died in 1916, and his attempt to declare himself emperor ended with him; subsequently, China entered the Warlord Era.