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Chinese History · Full chronicle and history

2026-11-05
Recently, a Douyin influencer posted a video showcasing a sketch of Mao Zedong's profile, with viewers flooding the comments to praise the likeness and quality of the drawing.
Location: China · Importance I · Verification: Reported · View causal chain →
2026-11-03
A netizen posted that their roommate needed to submit political vetting materials for their parents to apply for CCP membership, with one section requiring them to fill in their parents' performance during the 'June 4th turmoil'. The roommate, not understanding what this meant, asked Doubao (a product under ByteDance) and received the reply: 'I cannot answer this question.'
Location: China · Importance III · Verification: Reported · View causal chain →
2026-11-03
The official website of Wenzhou University of Technology has made public similar correspondence materials, requiring the village committee, neighborhood committee, or sub-district office where parents reside to provide political vetting materials. The attached form lists columns for 'whether there are any issues or conclusions regarding the Cultural Revolution, the 1989 turmoil, or Falun Gong'.
Location: Wenzhou · Importance III · Verification: Reported · View causal chain →
2026-11-03
On the evening of November 3, Bruno Retailleau, chairman of the French Republican Party and presidential candidate, was asked on a BFMTV program whether Mao Zedong was a dictator. He replied "of course" twice, stated that Mao caused the deaths of tens of millions, and equated communism with Nazism as two forms of totalitarianism.
Location: France · Importance III · Verification: Reported · View causal chain →
2026-11-03
On November 3, a netizen in Shaoshan, Hunan, posted a video showing a Mao Zedong statue being hoisted at the entrance of a school. Many netizens in the comments section expressed their support and hoped for this to be implemented across the country.
Location: Shaoshan, Hunan · Importance II · Verification: Reported · View causal chain →
2026-10-30
On October 30, the U.S. House Select Committee on the CCP released a video exposing Mao Zedong as a CCP dictator whose policies caused one of the deadliest famines in history.
Location: United States · Importance III · Verification: Reported · View causal chain →
2026-10-30
On October 30, French MP and presidential candidate François Ruffin, in an interview with BFMTV/RMC, criticized the influence of Chinese capitalism and nationalism while discussing the Mbappé controversy. He explicitly stated that Mao Zedong was a dictator who established authoritarian rule, and the deaths of millions of Chinese people caused by his rule cannot be excused.
Location: France · Importance III · Verification: Reported · View causal chain →
2026-10-29
French football star Kylian Mbappé called Mao Zedong a dictator, stating that he caused tens of millions of deaths and that his regime was totalitarian in nature. French public opinion views this as a statement of fact rather than a personal opinion.

[Follow-up · October 28, 2026] On the evening of October 28, Marine Tondelier, National Secretary of the French Green Party, posted on X, stating that Mbappé's characterization of Mao Zedong as a dictator is historically grounded, and criticized France's repeated submission to China's economic pressure as a sign of weakness.
Location: France · Importance III · Verification: Reported · View causal chain →
2026-10-28
On the evening of October 28, Marine Tondelier, National Secretary of the French Green Party, posted on X, stating that Mbappé's characterization of Mao Zedong as a dictator has historical basis, and criticized France's repeated submission to China's economic pressure as a sign of weakness.
Location: France · Importance III · Verification: Reported · View causal chain →
2026-10-19
According to X user @QuanLujun, near Lantouji Community, Guanyao Town, Qichun County, Huanggang City, Hubei Province, an elderly man spent about 44 years single-handedly building and furnishing a private Mao Zedong memorial hall, inside which the historical scenes of China in the former "Mao era" are highly faithfully recreated.
Importance III · Verification: Developing · View causal chain →
2026-10-14
On October 14, 2026, Beijing time, the X account @clashreport released a secret interview recording allegedly from a survivor of the June 4, 1989 Tiananmen crackdown. In the recording, the interviewee describes scenes of the military firing on civilians, including the deaths of children, and states that people viewed the government as "barbaric" and "inhumane." The tweet received 16 likes and 4 retweets.
Importance III · Verification: Developing · View causal chain →
2026-10-10
On October 10, a user posted a screen recording of the game Minecraft on Douyin, questioning why NetEase's chat system flags the number “64” as a violation when other players can send it normally.
Location: China · Importance II · Verification: Reported · View causal chain →
2026-10-09
On October 9, near Xiaobanqiao in Guandu District, Kunming, Yunnan, more than ten young people, wearing handcuffs on both hands linked one after another into a long line, were escorted by multiple law enforcement officers on foot across the street. One of them held a loudspeaker playing a propaganda warning that read, "Fighting and brawling will result in detention without exception." Netizens commented, "They've started parading people through the streets now?"
Location: Kunming, Yunnan · Importance III · Verification: Reported · View causal chain →
2026-10-09
On October 9, near Xiaobanqiao in Guandu District, Kunming, Yunnan, more than a dozen youths suspected of fighting and brawling were handcuffed together in a long chain and escorted on foot across the street by multiple law enforcement officers. One of them held a loudspeaker playing a propaganda warning that read, "Fighting and brawling will be detained without exception." Netizens questioned, "Have they started parading people through the streets?"
Location: Kunming, Yunnan · Importance III · Verification: Reported · View causal chain →
2026-10-05
On October 5, a TikTok blogger uploaded a number meme video; after comments that appeared to allude to 64 showed up in the comment section, it was blocked, and neither the video nor the account could be searched.
Location: 海外 · Importance II · Verification: Reported · View causal chain →
2026-10-05
On October 5, a Douyin blogger uploaded a number meme video titled "68 and Its Two Goblin Neighbors." Comments suspected of alluding to June Fourth appeared in the comment section, after which the comment section was blocked, and neither the video nor the posting account could be found.
Location: China · Importance II · Verification: Reported · View causal chain →
2026-10-03
During the National Day holiday, someone waved the national flag and shouted "Long live the great Communist Party, justice will prevail" at an event in Hong Kong, and five-star red flags were hung on some residential buildings.
Location: Hong Kong · Importance II · Verification: Reported · View causal chain →
2026-10-03
On October 3, a netizen posted that QQ Music was offering premium numbers for 68 yuan. Screenshots showed numbers from 19890601 to 19890603 and 19890605 on sale, with only 19890604 — corresponding to June 4, 1989 — missing, suspected to have been blocked due to censorship.
Location: China · Importance II · Verification: Reported · View causal chain →
2026-10
Recently in Beihai, Guangxi, an elderly person was seen riding a tricycle adorned with a five-star red flag and a portrait of Mao Zedong, its body covered front and back with slogans pledging support for the CCP Central Committee, threatening Taiwan independence, and promising that after reunification the people's government would pay wages and pensions; the scene was captured by netizens.
Location: Beihai · Importance II · Verification: Reported · View causal chain →
2026-10-01
During the National Day holiday on October 1, TF Family trainee Yang Bowen posted a video of night-riding to Tiananmen in Beijing. It was deleted shortly after a fan member account reposted it; netizens speculated that the scene of cycling to Tiananmen evoked the famous footage of young people cycling to Tiananmen during the 1989 June Fourth student movement.
Location: Beijing · Importance II · Verification: Reported · View causal chain →
2026-09-30
On September 30, a netizen in Zhejiang posted a video of a handmade model tank made to welcome National Day, with the words "Long Live the Chinese Communist Party" written on its side; some netizens in the comments section covertly alluded to the 1989 June Fourth incident through combinations of number-based idioms and comments such as "Deng Nian."
Location: Zhejiang · Importance II · Verification: Reported · View causal chain →
2026-09-25
In response to the mention of the Flying Tigers and the Chinese Communist Party's history of the War of Resistance during the Trump-Xi meeting, the Government of the Republic of China issued a statement on September 25, stressing that the People's Republic of China was founded in 1949 and did not exist during the War of Resistance, that it was the Republic of China that fought shoulder to shoulder with the United States, and that the Chinese Communist Party cannot erase the historical contribution of the Republic of China.
Location: Taiwan, China · Importance III · Verification: Verified · View causal chain →
2026-09-16
On September 16, a netizen posted a promotional video praising the worship of Mao Zedong and passing on the red gene, which was subsequently mocked by numerous netizens using image comments, attracting widespread public attention.
Location: China · Importance I · Verification: Reported · View causal chain →
2026-09-09
On September 9, signal jammers were used during activities in Shaoshan, Hunan, and college students shouted slogans to overthrow the capitalist roaders.
Location: Shaoshan · Importance III · Verification: Reported · View causal chain →
2026-09-07
On September 7, a netizen in Guangdong posted a video of the "mosquito extermination war" in Guangzhou, with the caption "It never ends." The video's bullet comments satirized the mosquito extermination as an "extermination of people" operation. Other comments read: "Starting the 'for your own good' operation again," "This is to exterminate people," "New 731," "Human extinction plan," "Pandemic economy." #Anti-CCP Academy
Location: Guangzhou · Importance III · Verification: Reported · View causal chain →
2026-09-08
On the evening of September 8, a large number of people gathered at Mao Zedong Square in Shaoshan, Hunan, singing red songs, dancing loyalty dances, and displaying slogans to commemorate the 50th anniversary of Mao Zedong's death.
Location: China · Importance III · Verification: Verified · View causal chain →
2026-09-08
On September 8, a large crowd gathered to commemorate Mao Zedong, with footage showing the crowd waving flags and shouting slogans. The reported gathering size was said to have increased compared to the previous year and the year before that, but the material did not specify the exact location, organizers, number of participants, or whether the event had official approval. The specific demands of the on‑site activity and any subsequent handling were also not described.
Location: China · Importance III · Verification: Reported · View causal chain →
2026-09
On the 25th anniversary of the September 11 attacks, the National September 11 Memorial & Museum, located beneath the site of the former World Trade Center in New York, has launched a new exhibition, "In Tribute to Them: 25 Years of Service Since 9/11," telling the stories of people whose lives were changed by the 9/11 attacks and who went on to devote themselves to public service. The museum welcomed more than 2.4 million visitors in 2025.
Location: New York, United States · Importance II · Verification: Reported · View causal chain →
2026-08-20
A video appeared on the overseas social media platform X showing a post by "Donghu Youli," an account under Hubei Daily, criticizing the idea of "closing the door to do construction" and praising Deng Xiaoping's reform and opening up.
Location: China · Importance IV · Verification: Verified · View causal chain →
2026-08-19
On August 19, 2026, the Wuzhou Municipal Civil Affairs Bureau in Guangxi announced a typical case: a local private Cultural Revolution museum was forcibly shut down by the civil affairs authorities for carrying out activities without registering in accordance with the law.
Location: Wuzhou · Importance II · Verification: Official claim · View causal chain →
2026-08-18
Chinese President Xi Jinping delivered a speech at the Great Hall of the People to commemorate the 100th birthday of Jiang Zemin, mentioning reform 16 times.
Location: Beijing · Importance III · Verification: Verified · View causal chain →
2026-08-17
An account under Hubei Daily called "Donghu Youli" published an article stressing the importance of opening up to the global market and praising Deng Xiaoping's reform and opening-up policy, which was interpreted as a veiled criticism of Xi Jinping's contractionary policy.
Location: China · Importance IV · Verification: Verified · View causal chain →
2026-08-17
On August 17, 2026, a new media account under the CCP Central Committee's United Front Work Department reposted an article that characterized the American academic school of the "New Qing History" as a political conspiracy by separatist forces and launched an open criticism of it.
Location: Beijing · Importance II · Verification: Official claim · View causal chain →
2026-08-12
Former Chinese Premier Zhu Rongji has died in Beijing at the age of 98. Official assessments praise him as an outstanding leader and a driving force behind reform and opening up, while evaluations overseas are mixed.
Location: Beijing · Importance IV · Verification: Verified · View causal chain →
2026-07-14
On July 14, 2026, a violent clash occurred at a mining site near Huatugou Town, Mangya City, Haixi Prefecture, Qinghai, where a group of people armed with weapons repeatedly beat several individuals who had already fallen to the ground.
Location: 青海海西 · Importance III · Verification: Hearsay · View causal chain →
2026-06-19
In June 2026, Taipei hosted the “Backup Apple, Record Hong Kong” exhibition, displaying more than 200 classic layouts and collections from Hong Kong’s Apple Daily, attracting large numbers of scattered Hong Kongers to visit. The curators aim to counter the official erasure of historical archives.
Location: Taipei, Taiwan · Importance III · Verification: Reported · View causal chain →
2026-06
Dissatisfied with historical controversies sparked by Ukraine naming military units after figures from insurgent history, the Polish President decided to rescind Volodymyr Zelenskyy's Order of the White Eagle.
Location: Warsaw, Poland · Importance III · Verification: Reported · View causal chain →
2026-05-31
Ahead of the June Fourth anniversary, the June Fourth Memorial in Los Angeles, California, was broken into and vandalized by unknown individuals. Multiple exhibits, walls, and display spaces were spray-painted, and the museum management has reported the incident to the FBI and Congress.
Location: Los Angeles · Importance III · Verification: Verified · View causal chain →
2026-03-25
Around March 25, in Zhangjiajie, Hubei, netizens filmed a group of retired tourists on a trip singing "The East Is Red" in unison while riding an elevator. After the video was posted, comments angrily shouted "Stop paying social insurance" and "Give my social security back."
Location: Zhangjiajie · Importance II · Verification: Reported · View causal chain →
2025-06-04
At midnight on June 4, multiple netizens launched a 'tower-rushing' campaign on the Xuexitong app, collectively posting politically sensitive content.
Location: China · Importance III · Verification: Reported · View causal chain →
2025
In 2025, China's birth population was 7.92 million, with a birth rate of only 5.63 per thousand, ranking second to last in the world.
Location: China · Importance IV · Verification: Official claim · View causal chain →
2025
In 2025, a Bilibili video blogger claimed that historians and political figures fabricated the history of the Tang Dynasty from 618 to 907 AD by forging astronomical and calendar records. The topic spread on platforms such as Weibo, and the blogger's account has been banned.
Location: China · Importance II · Verification: Reported · View causal chain →
2024-09-16
On September 16, 2024, Song Binbin, a prominent Red Guard leader during the Cultural Revolution and daughter of CCP founding elder Song Renqiong, passed away in the United States. She was highly controversial for her involvement in the 1966 beating death of Bian Zhongyun, the vice principal of the Beijing Normal University Girls' Middle School.
Location: China · Importance II · Verification: Reported · View causal chain →
2021-08-30
On August 30, 2021, the Chinese Academy of History published a lengthy article publicly naming Gao Xiaosom, systematically cataloging his remarks on Chiang Kai-shek, the Xi'an Incident, the Yasukuni Shrine, and other topics, and classifying them as "historical nihilism"; around the same time, programs such as Xiaosom's Talk could not be searched normally on some platforms.
Location: Beijing · Importance IV · Verification: Official claim · View causal chain →
2021
The video points out that China did not begin to relax the three-child policy until 2021, and that before then, adjustments to the family planning policy lagged seriously behind.
Location: China · Importance II · Verification: Reported · View causal chain →
2013-01-05
While delivering a speech at a seminar for newly promoted members of the CCP Central Committee, Xi Jinping stated that the historical period after reform and opening-up cannot be used to negate the historical period before it, and vice versa.
Location: Beijing, China · Importance IV · Verification: Verified · View causal chain →
2012-03-14
On March 14, 2012, Wen Jiabao delivered a speech at the Two Sessions Chinese and foreign press conference, emphasizing that without political structural reform, economic structural reform cannot succeed, and warning that the tragedy of the Cultural Revolution could happen again.
Location: Beijing · Importance V · Verification: Verified · View causal chain →
2012-03
In March 2012, Wen Jiabao spoke about reform of the system of Party and state leadership at his final press conference as premier, warning that if political reform stalled, the gains of economic reform could be lost again and even a historical tragedy such as the Cultural Revolution could happen once more; the next day, Bo Xilai was removed from his post as Chongqing Party Secretary.
Location: Beijing · Importance IV · Verification: Verified · View causal chain →
2012
With Wang Lijun's entry into the U.S. Consulate General in Chengdu and the downfall of Bo Xilai, Sima Nan, who had gone to Chongqing to sing red songs and crack down on black, continued to host subsequent activities commemorating Mao Zedong, and distanced himself by separating the person from the line.
Location: Chongqing · Importance III · Verification: Verified · View causal chain →
2008
At the end of 2008, the national team adjusted its management measures, and players such as Li Na, Zheng Jie, Peng Shuai and Yan Zi began to arrange their own training and professional competitions, putting the "flying solo" system into practice.
Location: China · Importance IV · Verification: Verified · View causal chain →
2004-02-24
On February 24, 2004, Jiang Yanyong wrote to the National People's Congress, the CPPCC, the leaders of the CCP Politburo and the State Council, calling for a reevaluation of June Fourth, 1989, and recounting what he witnessed at the 301 Hospital in treating the casualties.
Location: Beijing · Importance V · Verification: Reported · View causal chain →
2001-12-11
Under the insistence and promotion of Jiang Zemin and others, China finally successfully joined the World Trade Organization.
Location: China · Importance V · Verification: Verified · View causal chain →
1999-04-25
In 1999, under Li Hongzhi's direction, Falun Gong leaders across China coordinated via email to launch a mass siege of Zhongnanhai, prompting the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) to tighten internet controls.
Location: Beijing · Importance IV · Verification: Reported · View causal chain →
1998-09-21
On September 21, 1998, television networks broadcast footage of President Bill Clinton testifying before a federal grand jury, addressing his relationship with former White House intern Monica Lewinsky and defending his denial of the affair.
Location: Washington · Importance III · Verification: Verified · View causal chain →
1994-01-01
On January 1, 1994, the official and market exchange rates of the Renminbi were merged, forming a unified exchange rate.
Location: China · Importance IV · Verification: Verified · View causal chain →
1994
In 1994, China carried out price reform, abolishing the dual-track pricing system of capitalism and socialism, and the problem of official profiteering (guandao) was initially resolved.
Location: China · Importance IV · Verification: Verified · View causal chain →
1993
In 1993, China's Company Law was officially passed, laying the legal foundation for the building of a modern financial framework.
Location: China · Importance III · Verification: Verified · View causal chain →
1992-01-18
On the platform of Wuchang Railway Station, Deng Xiaoping hurled a stern warning at Hubei Provincial Party Secretary Guan Guangfu and others: "Development is the absolute principle, and whoever does not reform will step down."
Location: Wuhan, Hubei · Importance V · Verification: Verified · View causal chain →
1992-01-18
Deng Xiaoping delivered his southern tour speeches, emphasizing that development is of overriding importance, while reiterating the need to consistently uphold the Four Cardinal Principles and oppose bourgeois liberalization.
Location: Shenzhen · Importance V · Verification: Verified · View causal chain →
1991
In 1991, Jiefang Daily, the official newspaper of the Shanghai Municipal Party Committee, ran four consecutive articles under the pen name Huangfuping that vigorously championed reform and opening up and challenged conservatives within the Party; editor-in-chief Zhou Ruijin later confirmed that they were written by Zhu Rongji himself.
Location: Shanghai · Importance III · Verification: Reported · View causal chain →
1989-07
Following the June 4, 1989 Tiananmen crackdown, Deng Xiaoping ordered the official closure of Kanghua Company to isolate risks.
Location: Beijing · Importance III · Verification: Verified · View causal chain →
1989-06-21
On June 21, 1989, Xu Guoming, Bian Hanwu, and Yan Xuerong, who had been sentenced to death in the Guangxin Road crossing incident in Shanghai, were executed. They had been sentenced to death in the first instance on June 15, and the West German ambassador to China had called for the three not to be put to death.
Location: Shanghai · Importance IV · Verification: Reported · View causal chain →
1989-06-15
On June 15, 1989, the Shanghai Intermediate People's Court sentenced Xu Guoming, Bian Hanwu, and Yan Xuerong to death in the first instance, to be executed immediately, with political rights stripped for life; only 9 days elapsed from the case on June 6 to the verdict.
Location: Shanghai · Importance IV · Verification: Reported · View causal chain →
1989-06-09
After the Guangxin Road crossing incident, Shanghai police arrested those involved, including Xu Guoming, Bian Hanwu, and Yan Xuerong. English-language materials say 11 people were arrested at the scene; the claim of dozens of arrests and nighttime raids from June 7 to 9 could not be verified.
Location: 上海普陀 · Importance IV · Verification: Verifying · View causal chain →
1989-06-05
In the early morning of June 5, 1989, students from some universities in Shanghai set up barriers and sat on the tracks around the Guangxin Road crossing on the Beijing–Shanghai Railway to obstruct rail traffic in protest of the June Fourth crackdown; more than 47 passenger trains were disrupted that day.
Location: 上海普陀 · Importance III · Verification: Reported · View causal chain →
1989-06-03
Chinese students and citizens gathered in Beijing Tiananmen Square to demand reforms, anti-corruption measures, and freedom, and were met with a military crackdown by troops and tanks.
Location: Beijing · Importance V · Verification: Verified · View causal chain →
1989-06-03
As a power crisis loomed, Deng Xiaoping used tanks and machine guns to suppress the student movement, blocking China's path to freedom and democracy.
Location: China · Importance V · Verification: Verified · View causal chain →
1989-06
On June 15, 1989, Xu Guoming, Bian Hanwu, and Yan Xuerong were sentenced to death in the first instance by the Shanghai Intermediate People's Court for June Fourth, and were executed by firing squad on June 20, faster than in Beijing.
Location: Shanghai · Importance IV · Verification: Reported · View causal chain →
1989-05-27
The 'Democracy Songs for China' concert was held in Happy Valley, Hong Kong, to support the student movement in Beijing. Andy Lau and others expressed their support via long-distance phone calls and appeared on the big screen.
Location: Hong Kong · Importance III · Verification: Verified · View causal chain →
1989-05-20
After Li Peng announced martial law in Beijing, Jiang Zemin was the first to signal firm support for the martial law order to the Central Committee, sending a plaintext telegram in the early hours of May 20.
Location: Shanghai · Importance V · Verification: Verified · View causal chain →
1989-05-04
On May 4, 1989, reporters and editors from the People's Daily, Xinhua News Agency, Guangming Daily, and China Youth Daily took to Chang'an Avenue, carrying banners demanding that the news must tell the truth.
Location: Beijing · Importance IV · Verification: Verified · View causal chain →
1989-05
During the June Fourth turmoil of 1989, Zhu Rongji broke with convention by appearing on television to make an appeal, saying that Shanghai was different from Beijing and that troops and police would not be deployed, and stating that no one could conceal the historical facts; this footage was later circulated repeatedly.
Location: Shanghai · Importance IV · Verification: Reported · View causal chain →
1989-04-26
People’s Daily published an editorial titled “We must unequivocally oppose this unrest,” labeling the student movement as unrest.
Location: China · Importance IV · Verification: Verified · View causal chain →
1989-04-25
Deng Xiaoping summoned Premier of the State Council Li Peng, labeling it as "turmoil", setting the tone for the subsequent clearing operation.
Location: China · Importance IV · Verification: Verified · View causal chain →
1989-04
Because the World Economic Herald published an article commemorating Hu Yaobang, Shanghai Municipal Party Secretary Jiang Zemin ordered the article pulled and suspended editor-in-chief Qin Benli for self-reflection, sparking protests by journalists and students.
Location: Shanghai · Importance IV · Verification: Verified · View causal chain →
1989-03-08
On March 8, 1989, Li Peng issued a martial law decree for Lhasa on behalf of the State Council, following Deng Xiaoping's approval of martial law in Tibet, preventive arrests, and the decision that journalists and cadres could be shot on the spot; troops entered Lhasa on March 7.
Location: Beijing · Importance IV · Verification: Reported · View causal chain →
1989
In 1989, Zhao Ziyang bluntly told visiting Gorbachev that Deng Xiaoping was the absolute authority ruling from behind the curtain. During the June Fourth period, as vice chairman of the Central Military Commission, he was unwilling to order the massacre, and was therefore politically purged.
Location: China · Importance IV · Verification: Reported · View causal chain →
1988
The Chinese Communist Party's attempt to abolish the dual-track system and implement price reform triggered panic buying and severe inflation, becoming a major economic background for the outbreak of the June 4, 1989 Tiananmen crackdown.
Location: China · Importance IV · Verification: Verified · View causal chain →
1987-10-25
The 13th National Congress of the CCP was held, establishing the Party's basic line for the primary stage of socialism.
Location: China · Importance IV · Verification: Verified · View causal chain →
1987
After Hu Yaobang stepped down in 1987, Deng Xiaoping stated in a conversation with a Yugoslav diplomat that he opposed a multi-party system, elections, the separation of powers, and the idea of turning the National People's Congress and the CPPCC into a bicameral system.
Location: China · Importance III · Verification: Reported · View causal chain →
1986-12
At the end of 1986, student unrest erupted nationwide; students from more than ten universities in Shanghai took to the streets, and Jiang Zemin responded with a carrot-and-stick policy.
Location: Shanghai · Importance III · Verification: Verified · View causal chain →
1984
China Kanghua Industrial Co., Ltd. (Little Kanghua) was established, nominally to raise funds for the China Welfare Fund for the Disabled. Deng Pufang served as chairman of the board, enjoying privileges such as foreign exchange quotas and exclusive import rights.
Location: Beijing · Importance III · Verification: Verified · View causal chain →
1981-06-27
The Sixth Plenary Session of the 11th Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party adopted the Resolution on Certain Questions in the History of Our Party Since the Founding of the People's Republic of China, repudiating the Cultural Revolution and distinguishing Mao Zedong's later errors from Mao Zedong Thought.
Location: Beijing, China · Importance V · Verification: Verified · View causal chain →
1981
In 1981, a CCP Central Committee plenary session passed the Resolution on Certain Questions in the History of Our Party, completely negating the Cultural Revolution, but the two slogans at Xinhua Gate — "Long live the great Chinese Communist Party" and "Long live the invincible Mao Zedong Thought" — were not removed.
Location: Beijing · Importance IV · Verification: Verified · View causal chain →
1979-06-26
On June 26, 1979, the "Opinion on Restricting the Use of Wen Gang" was formally revoked and Wen Gang was rehabilitated.
Location: Tianjin · Importance II · Verification: Verified · View causal chain →
1978-12-18
In late 1978, Deng Xiaoping came to power, establishing a departure from Mao Zedong's line and initiating reform and opening-up.
Location: China · Importance V · Verification: Verified · View causal chain →
1978-05-11
By emphasizing that "practice is the sole criterion for testing truth," Deng Xiaoping defeated Hua Guofeng and established a governing philosophy centered on economic development.
Location: China · Importance IV · Verification: Verified · View causal chain →
1977
After Mao Zedong's death, in 1977, with the support of Deng Xiaoping and Hu Yaobang, China restored the gaokao (college entrance exam), allowing many children of families persecuted during the Cultural Revolution to change their fate through the exam. Subsequently, in the 1980s, overseas scholarships and government-sponsored study abroad programs emerged, and large numbers of Chinese students went to the United States for further studies.
Location: China · Importance IV · Verification: Verified · View causal chain →
1976-10
In October 1976, the operation to arrest the Gang of Four inside Zhongnanhai was carried out by the Central Guard Regiment (Unit 8341), with Zhang Yaoci leading dozens of guard soldiers to carry it out; at the time Wang Dongxing concurrently served as director of the CCP Central Committee General Office and head of the Guard Bureau.
Location: Beijing · Importance IV · Verification: Reported · View causal chain →
1976-09-09
On September 9, 1976, Mao Zedong passed away. Newspapers across the country reported his death with black borders and large-scale memorial activities were held. The grassroots society was plunged into an extreme political atmosphere, with the public required to participate in collective mourning. Those with problematic family backgrounds faced severe political suppression during this period.
Location: Shanghai · Importance V · Verification: Verified · View causal chain →
1976
When the author was in elementary school in Shanghai, a school worker who had barely spoken for five years was actually a principal-level senior intellectual who had been purged elsewhere; after Mao Zedong's death in 1976, this person was rehabilitated and took up the post of principal.
Location: Shanghai · Importance I · Verification: Reported · View causal chain →
1975
While the Pol Pot-led Khmer Rouge was in power in Cambodia, the local ethnic Chinese population plummeted from 430,000 to just over 210,000, and at the time its biggest backer was the Chinese Communist Party (CCP).
Location: Cambodia · Importance III · Verification: Reported · View causal chain →
1972-08-03
Deng Xiaoping again wrote to Mao Zedong, engaging in sycophantic praise and reiterating his guarantee never to reverse verdicts.
Location: China · Importance IV · Verification: Verified · View causal chain →
1971
Lin Biao, the successor handpicked by Mao Zedong, was accused of staging a coup and died in 1971 in a plane crash shrouded in mystery while flying to Moscow.
Location: China · Importance IV · Verification: Reported · View causal chain →
1969
During the Cultural Revolution, Mao Zedong denounced Liu Shaoqi as a traitor, spy, and labor scab, calling him a Khrushchev lurking at his side. Liu Shaoqi was ultimately tortured to death during the Cultural Revolution.
Location: China · Importance IV · Verification: Reported · View causal chain →
1968-06-20
Deng Xiaoping wrote an extremely humble self-statement, admitting he was a capitalist roader and pledging never to reverse verdicts.
Location: China · Importance IV · Verification: Verified · View causal chain →
1968
During the Cultural Revolution, the two rival Red Guard factions at Tsinghua University fought a hundred-day armed clash, using improvised cannons, land mines, grenades, semi-automatic rifles, and even homemade tanks, leaving 18 dead, more than 1,100 wounded, and over 30 permanently disabled.
Location: Beijing · Importance III · Verification: Reported · View causal chain →
1967-08-05
A mass rally to criticize Liu Shaoqi and Deng Xiaoping was held in Tiananmen Square. Liu Shaoqi held up the Constitution to protest and was beaten by Red Guards, while Wang Guangmei was also publicly humiliated and subsequently arrested.
Location: Beijing · Importance V · Verification: Verified · View causal chain →
1967
During the Cultural Revolution in 1967, with Mao Zedong's approval, Red Guards posted two slogans on both sides of Xinhua Gate at Zhongnanhai — “Long live the great Chinese Communist Party” and “Long live the invincible Mao Zedong Thought” — and they remain in place as of 2025.
Location: Beijing · Importance III · Verification: Reported · View causal chain →
1967
In 1967, Wang Guangmei, wife of Liu Shaoqi, was publicly denounced at Tsinghua University, with Tsinghua President Jiang Nanxiang and Bo Yibo accompanying her in the struggle session.
Location: Beijing · Importance II · Verification: Reported · View causal chain →
1966
Deng Xiaoping was labeled the second-numbered capitalist road faction within the Party, was sent to labor reform in Jiangxi, and his son Deng Pufang was tortured by Red Guards, resulting in disability.
Location: China · Importance IV · Verification: Verified · View causal chain →
1966
In early 1966, at the beginning of the Cultural Revolution, Pu Xuezhai jumped into the water with his younger sister and died; his body was never found.
Location: Beijing · Importance III · Verification: Verified · View causal chain →
1966
During the Cultural Revolution, a young worker in Shanghai was handed over by his work unit's security department to the police and sentenced to two years of re-education through labor after criticizing the bad-tasting noodles served in the canteen on Mao Zedong's birthday.
Location: Shanghai · Importance III · Verification: Hearsay · View causal chain →
1966
During the Cultural Revolution, the houses of families of former capitalists in Shanghai were confiscated by their work units or rebel factions, and many people were driven out of their own homes, left with only one room or even no housing at all; some were stripped of their clothes and forced to hand over their property, and many people, to save their lives, laid gold bars and silver dollars out in their homes to let the Red Guards take them away in raids. There were even cases of apprentices seizing their masters' houses and relatives turning against each other.
Location: Shanghai · Importance III · Verification: Reported · View causal chain →
1966
After the Cultural Revolution broke out in 1966, Hu Jintao was repeatedly subjected to struggle sessions and forced to write self-criticisms at Tsinghua because he was regarded as a lackey of Jiang Nanxiang's revisionist education line and as coming from a petty-bourgeois background; he neither defended himself nor took part in struggling others.
Location: Beijing · Importance II · Verification: Reported · View causal chain →
1966
During the Cultural Revolution, Hu Jingzhi, Hu Jintao's father who was far away in Taizhou, was dragged out and denounced in the movement, framed on charges of embezzling funds from a cooperative shop, and ultimately died in depression.
Location: Taizhou, Jiangsu · Importance I · Verification: Reported · View causal chain →
1963
Because the 10th Panchen Lama cooperated with the CCP in negotiations to seek benefits for Tibetans, he was placed under house arrest and denounced in struggle sessions from 1963 to 1977. After the Cultural Revolution ended, he was rehabilitated, and from then on always served as a buffering force between the central authorities and the Tibetan region.
Location: China · Importance III · Verification: Reported · View causal chain →
1962-01-11
Because the Three Years of Great Famine exposed numerous problems, the Seven Thousand Cadres Conference was convened. Officials expressed dissatisfaction with the Great Leap Forward at the conference, forcing Mao Zedong to make self-criticism and step back to the second line of leadership, while Liu Shaoqi took over frontline economic management authority.
Location: Beijing · Importance V · Verification: Verified · View causal chain →
1959-07-02
During the 1959 Lushan Conference, Peng Dehuai wrote to Mao Zedong criticizing the Great Leap Forward; after Mao's speech on July 23, the conference's theme shifted from correcting the "Left" to opposing rightist opportunism.
Location: 江西省九江市庐山 · Importance V · Verification: Verified · View causal chain →
1959-06-05
During the Great Famine disaster, Deng Xiaoping was accused of intentionally breaking his leg while playing billiards to evade political responsibility.
Location: China · Importance IV · Verification: Reported · View causal chain →
1959
A nationwide famine struck China between 1959 and 1961, with various estimates putting the number of abnormal deaths at between 15 million and 55 million.
Location: China · Importance V · Verification: Reported · View causal chain →
1959
1961 was the most brutal year of China's Three Years of Natural Disasters, during which over 10 million Chinese people starved to death, and cannibalism even occurred in rural areas. Despite this, 9.49 million newborns were born that year.
Location: China · Importance IV · Verification: Verified · View causal chain →
1959
In 1959, Peng Dehuai was labeled anti-party by Mao Zedong for echoing Khrushchev's criticism of the Great Leap Forward and the People's Communes, ending his political life on the spot.
Location: China · Importance IV · Verification: Reported · View causal chain →
1958
In 1958, an "Opinion on Restricting the Use of Wen Gang" appeared in the file of Wen Jiabao's father Wen Gang, and Wen Gang was labeled as one of the Five Black Categories and sent down to a farm.
Location: Tianjin · Importance II · Verification: Verified · View causal chain →
1958
The CCP implemented the Great Leap Forward policy. During this period, the climate was normal, and there were no large-scale wars or epidemics, yet at least 45 million Chinese people died abnormally, with causes of death including starvation, overwork, and beatings by cadres.
Location: China · Importance V · Verification: Reported · View causal chain →
1958
During the famine caused by the Great Leap Forward, widespread large-scale cannibalism incidents broke out in places such as Xinyang, Tongwei in Gansu, Anhui, and Sichuan.
Location: China · Importance V · Verification: Reported · View causal chain →
1958
During the Great Leap Forward, local authorities at every level falsely inflated grain output figures. The central government collected grain based on these figures, ultimately triggering the great famine of 1958 to 1962, with various estimates putting abnormal deaths at between 15 million and 55 million people.
Location: China · Importance V · Verification: Verified · View causal chain →
1958
To provide fuel for "backyard furnaces", about 30% to 40% of rural houses were demolished during the Great Leap Forward, leaving people with nowhere to shelter from the wind and rain.
Location: China · Importance IV · Verification: Hearsay · View causal chain →
1957-07-09
During the Anti-Rightist Campaign, Mao Zedong quoted the Zuo Zhuan idiom "If the skin is gone, what can the hair attach to," comparing intellectuals to hair clinging to the skin of the proletariat, and declared that intellectuals had lost the qualifications for independent survival.
Location: China · Importance II · Verification: Verified · View causal chain →
1957-06-08
Beginning in 1957, the Anti-Rightist Campaign was launched, resulting in the purge of numerous members of democratic parties and intra-party dissidents.
Location: China · Importance V · Verification: Verified · View causal chain →
1957-06
In the Anti-Rightist Campaign, the Chinese Communist Party labeled some individuals as rightists because intellectuals had voiced their opinions, and the people involved and their families subsequently suffered long-term political and social consequences.
Location: China · Importance IV · Verification: Verified · View causal chain →
1957
As General Secretary of the Secretariat of the CCP Central Committee, Deng Xiaoping was the frontline commander of the Anti-Rightist Campaign. He drafted documents and issued rigid quotas for the arrest of "rightists," leading to 550,000 intellectuals being labeled as such.
Location: China · Importance V · Verification: Verified · View causal chain →
1957
In 1957, the Chinese Communist Party shifted from encouraging free expression to launching the Anti-Rightist Campaign. Official statistics show that about 553,000 people were labelled as rightists, while declassified archival data put the figure at more than 3.17 million.
Location: China · Importance V · Verification: Reported · View causal chain →
1956
In the 1956 joint state-private ownership, the tea shop run by Hu Jintao's father Hu Jingzhi in Taizhou was merged into a cooperative store. Hu Jingzhi went from being a small boss to a salaried clerk, and was labeled as being of bourgeois origin.
Location: Taizhou, Jiangsu · Importance I · Verification: Reported · View causal chain →
1950
The author's uncle scored excellently on exams at Shanghai No. 5 Middle School in the 1950s, but because his father was a fugitive landlord he could not attend university and was assigned to an agricultural university in the northwest; that school was located in a famine-stricken area where people starved to death. After he returned to Shanghai, his household registration had already been transferred out so he could not re-register there, and he ultimately returned to his hometown in Zhejiang to farm and live out his days.
Location: Shanghai · Importance I · Verification: Reported · View causal chain →
1949
When the CCP came to power, it painted a blueprint of a free ideal country for the world, but the reality was the opposite of the truth revealed by archives.
Location: China · Importance III · Verification: Reported · View causal chain →
1943
During the Yan'an Rectification Movement, Liu Shaoqi catered to Mao Zedong by publishing articles and beginning to use the term 'Mao Zedong Thought,' thereby establishing his political position within the party.
Location: Yan'an, Shaanxi · Importance III · Verification: Verified · View causal chain →
1937
Han Xiu said her grandfather died in 1937, and that Mei Lanfang, out of their old friendship and his help during the War of Resistance, still treated her grandmother well after 1949.
Location: China · Importance I · Verification: Reported · View causal chain →
1921-07-23
The Chinese Communist Party (CCP) was founded in 1921. The program interprets its party history as a continuous historical mission to realize communism, noting that the CCP later described itself as the most advanced vanguard of the proletariat, asserting that the party cannot make mistakes. Jin Yinan's book "Suffering and Glory" is also used to illustrate the CCP's sense of historical mission and its narrative of invincibility from its founding to the present.
Location: China · Importance IV · Verification: Verified · View causal chain →
1921
In 1921, Lenin dispatched Bolshevik agents to Shanghai to assist in founding the Chinese Communist Party.
Location: Shanghai · Importance IV · Verification: Reported · View causal chain →
1920
The Comintern dispatched Kinski to China, assisting Chen Duxiu and Li Dazhao in founding the Chinese Communist Party.
Location: China · Importance III · Verification: Reported · View causal chain →
1919
During the May Fourth Movement in 1919, some people in Hunan advocated for Hunan's autonomy. Young Mao Zedong was the most vocal proponent of Hunan's autonomy, and Hunan proposed the establishment of the Hunan Republic, which was seen as an example of popular sovereignty. John Dewey also attached importance to Hunan's autonomy, believing that China might form a federal system similar to that of the United States at the time.
Location: China · Importance II · Verification: Reported · View causal chain →
1916-06-06
Yuan Shikai died in 1916, and his attempt to declare himself emperor ended with him; subsequently, China entered the Warlord Era.
Location: China · Importance III · Verification: Verified · View causal chain →
1915-12-25
After Yuan Shikai declared himself emperor, Cai E launched the National Protection War in Yunnan, and other figures subsequently joined the anti-Yuan campaign.
Location: Yunnan · Importance III · Verification: Verified · View causal chain →
1912-01-26
Duan Qirui, along with 47 high-ranking Beiyang generals, issued a joint telegram for the republic, delivering an ultimatum for abdication to Empress Dowager Longyu in the name of saving the throne.
Location: Hebei · Importance IV · Verification: Verified · View causal chain →
1912-01-26
Liang Bi, a core Manchu noble figure who advocated rejecting a republic and fighting against Yuan Shikai, was killed in a bomb attack in Beijing, causing the Manchu nobles' northwest defense line to completely collapse.
Location: Beijing · Importance III · Verification: Verified · View causal chain →
1911-12-25
After the outbreak of the Wuchang Uprising, Sun Yat-sen arrived in Shanghai. Following the establishment of the Provisional Government in Nanjing, the treasury had only ten silver dollars left, facing total bankruptcy due to a lack of foreign window and diplomatic recognition.
Location: Shanghai · Importance III · Verification: Verified · View causal chain →
1911-05-09
Driven by a financial crisis, the Qing government announced the nationalization of the Sichuan-Hankou and Guangzhou-Hankou railways, triggering a stock market crash. Subsequently, the government mortgaged railway rights to the Four-Power Banking Consortium, directly igniting the Railway Protection Movement.
Location: Sichuan · Importance IV · Verification: Verified · View causal chain →
1900-06-26
When Empress Dowager Cixi declared war on eleven nations, the governors of the southeastern provinces declared the order rebellious and maintained neutrality, completely outsourcing the central Qing court's military, political, and financial control to the regions from then on.
Location: China · Importance III · Verification: Verified · View causal chain →
1868
China's first official diplomatic mission visited the United States, conducting activities in Boston, New York, and Washington successively, and attended the first state dinner between China and the United States at the White House.
Location: Washington, United States · Importance III · Verification: Reported · View causal chain →
1861
U.S. President Abraham Lincoln appointed Anson Burlingame as the U.S. Minister to China, who insisted that China should be treated as a sovereign and equal nation rather than an object of imperialist exploitation.
Location: China · Importance II · Verification: Reported · View causal chain →
1627-09-30
Emperor Tianqi died, and Wei Zhongxian, the eunuch of the Eastern Depot, lost his backer; he then quickly fell from power after Chongzhen took the throne and hanged himself in December of the same year.
Location: Beijing, China · Importance III · Verification: Verified · View causal chain →
1617
In the 45th year of the Wanli reign of the Ming Dynasty, Yun Shizhen, the Salt Inspection Censor of Lianghuai, implemented the gang salt system, turning the qualifications of salt-transporting merchants into hereditary business licenses. The Huizhou merchants used this to monopolize the trade and gave rise to Yangzhou-specific businesses such as raising "thin horses."
Location: Yangzhou, Jiangsu · Importance II · Verification: Verified · View causal chain →