On November 6, the Macau Court of First Instance sentenced 69-year-old former pro-democracy legislator and long-time organizer of June 4th memorial activities, Au Kam-san, to 12 years and 6 months in prison on charges of subversion of state power, colluding with foreign organizations to endanger national security, and violating confidentiality. This is the first national security criminal case since Macau's sovereignty handover. Au was arrested in July 2025 and tried behind closed doors in September this year. His family questioned the restrictions on his choice of legal counsel, and Human Rights Watch criticized the case for violating due process.